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Hugues IV de Berzé
Hugues IV de Berzé (or ''Bregi''; 1150/1155 – 1220) was a knight and trouvère from the Mâconnais. He participated in the Fourth Crusade in 1201 and the Fifth Crusade in 1220. He was the lord of Berzé-le-Châtel.
Hugues wrote at least five lyric poems that are preserved in various chansonniers. His last one was written to the troubadour Falquet de Romans, asking his friend to participate in the Crusade with him ''outra mar''. Hugues sent his poem with the ''jongleur'' Bernart d'Argentau and it forms an important source of information about both poets. According to Hugues, neither he nor Falquet were young at the time.〔Though the poetic exchange has been dated as early as 1201 or as late as November 1220–September 1221, the former date is ''too'' early and the latter invalidated by Hugues's death. Recently, dates of 1215, 1216, 1217, and 1219 have been proffered (Riquer).〕 Hugues was dead by August 1220, which provides an ''ante quem'' date for the poem. Hugues is referred to as ''N'Ugo de Bersie'' in the Occitan ''razo'' that accompanies the poem in the chansonnier.
His most famous Old French work is ''La Bible au seigneur de Barzil'', a poem of 1,029 octosyllables preaching the reform of the Church. Hugues was influenced by his time in Constantinople and by "the certainty of death and the uncertainty of his times", when the Crusades were generally failures and the Cathar heresy was rampant in southern France. Hugues has criticism for all three social classes (nobility, clergy, and peasantry). Hugues's ''Bible'' is in the same category as the slightly earlier ''Bible Guiot'' of Guiot de Provins. ''La Bible'' exemplifies "the beliefs of a pious layman with a considerable breadth of worldly experience".
==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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